Terminology
The meaning of words have impacts that sometimes we have no idea. Please, take a look at the terminology of the words below and learn their meaning.
A
ABUSE:
A misuse of anything. 2. Cruelty that causes harm to another.
ABUSE OF POWER:
The basic abuse of power that can occur when an individual becomes too manipulative with those around them and the trust given to them.
ACCESSORY TO A CRIME:
Any person connected to a crime before or after it has happened but was not present when the crime was committed. See aid and abet.
ACTIONABLE FRAUD:
Deception practiced in order to induce another to part with property or surrender some legal right; a false representation made with an intention to deceive; may be committed by stating what is known to be false or by professing knowledge of the truth of a statement which is false, but in either case, the essential ingredient is a falsehood uttered with intent to deceive. Marsh v. Falker, 40 N. Y. 575; Farrington v. Bullard, 40 Barb. (N. Y.) 512; Ilecht v. Metzler, 14 Utah, 408, 48 Pac. 37. 00 Am. St. Rep. 900; Sawyer v. Prickett, 19 Wall. 140, 22 L. Ed. 105.
Adjudication:
Adjudication is the process by which a formal judgment or decision is made, after the adjudicator has heard all of the arguments in the matter, and has reviewed all of the relevant exhibits. For example, an adjudication is made upon the conclusion of a trial.
AFFIDAVIT:
A written or printed declaration or statement of facts, made voluntarily, and confirmed by the oath or affirmation of the party making it, taken before an officer having authority to administer such oath. Cox v. Stem, 170 111. 442, 48 N. E 900, 62 Am. St Rep. 3S5; Hays r. Loomis, S4
111. 18. An affidavit is a written declaration under oath, made without notice to the adverse party. Code Civ. Proc. Cal.
AGREEMENT:
A concord of understanding and intention, between two or more parties, with respect to the effect upon their relative rights and duties, of certain past or future facts or performances. The act of two or more persons, who unite in expressing a mutual and common purpose, with the view of altering their rights and obligations. A coming together of parties in opinion or determination; the union of two or more minds in a thing done or to be done; a mutual assent to do a thing.
AID AND ABET:
In criminal law. That kind of connection with the commission of a crime which, at common law, rendered the person guilty as a principal in the second degree. It consisted in being present at the time and place and doing some act to render aid to the actual perpetrator of the crime, though without taking a direct share in its commission. See 4 Bl. Comm. 34; People v. Dole, 122 Cal. 486, 55 Pac. 5Sl, 68 Am. St. Rep. 50; State v. Tally, 102 Ala. 25, 15 South. 722; State
v. Jones, 115 Iowa, 113, 88 N. W. 196; State v. Cox, 65 Mo. 29, 33
American’s Creed-The:
is the title of a resolution passed by the U.S. House of Representatives on April 3, 1918. It is a statement written in 1917 by William Tyler Page as an entry into a patriotic contest that he won.
I believe in the United States of America, as a government of the people, by the people, for the people; whose just powers are derived from the consent of the governed; a democracy in a republic; a sovereign Nation of many sovereign States; a perfect union, one and inseparable; established upon those principles of freedom, equality, justice, and humanity for which American patriots sacrificed their lives and fortunes. I therefore believe it is my duty to my country to love it, to support its Constitution, to obey its laws, to respect its flag, and to defend it against all enemies.
— William Tyler Page, The American’s Creed,
Articles of Confederation:
first U.S. constitution (1781–89), which served as a bridge between the initial government by the Continental Congress of the Revolutionary period and the federal government provided under the U.S. Constitution of 1787. Because the experience of overbearing British central authority was vivid in colonial minds, the drafters of the Articles deliberately established a confederation of sovereign states. The Articles were written in 1776–77 and adopted by the Congress on November 15, 1777. However, the document was not fully ratified by the states until March 1, 1781.
Assumption:
The act or agreement of assuming or taking upon one’s self; the undertaking or adoption of a debt or obligation primarily resting upon another, as where the purchaser of real estate “assumes” a mortgage resting upon it in which case he adopts the mortgage debt as his own and becomes personally liable for its payment. Eggleston v. Morrison, 84 111. App. 631; Locke v. Homer, 131 Mass. 93, 41 Am. Rep. 199; Springerv. De Wolf, 194 111. 218, 62 N. E. 542, 56
L. R. A. 465, 88 Am. St Rep. 155; Lenz v. Railroad Co., Ill Wis. 198, 86 N. W. 607.
Authority and Power Abuse:
abuse arises when leaders of a group arrogate to them selves power and authority that lacks the dynamics of open accountability and the capacity to question or challenge decisions.
AUTHORIZE:
This enables a person to act; it gives the authority for a person to carry out an act.
B
Basic Necessities of Life:
: a thing that a person must have in order to survive – food, clothing, shelter, medicine, knowledge, and faith
Food: material consisting essentially of protein, carbohydrate, and fat used in the body of an organism to sustain growth, repair, and vital processes and to furnish energy; something that nourishes, sustains, or supplies.
Clothing: garments in general; COVERING Shelter: something that covers or affords protection
Medicine: the science and art dealing with the maintenance of health and the prevention, alleviation, or cure of disease; the branch of medicine concerned with the nonsurgical treatment of disease.
Knowledge: the fact or condition of knowing something with familiarity gained through experience or association; the fact or condition of being aware of something; the circumstance or condition of apprehending truth or fact through reasoning – Cognition; the fact or condition of having information or of being learned; the sum of what is known : the body of truth, information, and principles acquired by humankind.
Bill of Rights:
In the United States, the first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution, which were adopted as a single unit on December 15, 1791, and which constitute a collection of mutually reinforcing guarantees of individual rights and of limitations on federal and state governments.
The Bill of Rights derives from the Magna Carta (1215), the English Bill of Rights (1689), the colonial struggle against king and Parliament, and a gradually broadening concept of equality among the American people. Virginia’s 1776 Declaration of Rights, drafted chiefly by George Mason, was a notable forerunner. Besides being axioms of government, the guarantees in the Bill of Rights have binding legal force. Acts of Congress in conflict with them may be voided by the U.S. Supreme Court when the question of the constitutionality of such acts arises in litigation (see judicial review).
“Birth Certificate”:
The fact that an birth certificate. was issued to me by a local hospital or government” agency when I was born, is irrelevant to my sovereignty. No :status·bigh-or·fow,.can be assigned to another person through a piece of paper, without the recipient’s full knowledge and consent. Therefore, such a piece of paper provides date and place information only. It indicates nothing about jurisdiction,” nothing about property ownership, nothing about rights, and nothing about subject status. The only documents that can have any significance, as it concerns my status in society, are those which I have signed as an adult, with full knowledge and consent, free from misrepresentation or coercion of any kind.
Birth Right(s)
Birth Right(s) – a right, privilege, or possession to which a person is entitled by birth.
Bivens Actions
A Bivens action generally refers to a lawsuit for damages when a federal officer who is acting in the color of federal authority allegedly violates the U.S. Constitution by federal officers acting.
Burden of Proof
The plaintiff in a Bivens action must prove that a constitutionally protected right has been violated by the federal officers.
Origin
The term “Bivens action” comes from Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents, 403 U.S. 388 (1971), in which the Supreme Court held that a violation of one’s Fourth Amendment rights by federal officers can give rise to a federal cause of action for damages for unlawful searches and seizures.
BLACKMAIL:
term for extortion and it is a criminal act where a person will attempt to get money from another person by threats.
https://thelawdictionary.org/blackmail/
BODILY HARM:
Any touching of the person of another against his will with physical force, in an intentional, hostile, and aggressive manner, or a projecting of such force against his person. People v.
Moore, 50 Hun, 350, 3 N. 1. Supp. 159
BODILY INJURY:
Any physical or corporeal injury; not necessarily restricted to injury to the trunk or main part of the body as distinguished from the head or limbs. Quirk v. Siegel-Cooper Co., 43 App. Div. 404, 00 N. Y. Supp. 228.
BREACH OF DUTY:
In a general sense, any violation or omission of a legal or moral duty. More particularly, the neglect or failure to fulfill in a just and proper manner the duties of an office or fiduciary employment.
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